Mr or Mr.; BC or B.C.? abbreviations, acronyms, and initialisms.

I have noticed a trend recently towards writers dropping the period on abbreviations. No longer is it Mr. or Dr. but Mr and Dr; P. D. Smith has become PD Smith and so forth. I have wondered if this is a trend, laziness, or self-correcting software gone mad.

I decided to go to the source — the Chicago Manual of Style.

According to the Chicago Manual of Style:

• an acronym is a term based on the initial letters and read as a single word (scuba, NASA, AIDS);
• an initialism refers to terms read as a series of letters (UBC, NHL, HTML);
• and a contraction (not the apostrophe kind) is an abbreviation that includes the first and last letters of the full word (Mr., amt., Dr.).

So that seems straightforward enough but, of course, there are exceptions. What about XML (extensible markup language), or JPEG, or ©, or FAQ?

According to Grammar Girl:

Finally, there's no strict rule about putting periods after each letter in an acronym or initialism. Some publications put periods after each letter, arguing that because each letter is essentially an abbreviation for a word, periods are necessary. Other publications don't put periods after each letter, arguing that the copy looks cleaner without them, and that because they are made up of all capital letters, the fact that they are abbreviations is implied.

 The Chicago Manual of Style, however, recommends the following:

1. Dr., a.m., Mr., Ms., vol., rear Adm., Esq. — essentially abbreviations that end in a lowercase letter should have a period.
2. Given names should use periods: P. D. Smith; unless, and here it comes, it replaces the whole name: JFK.
3. No periods for abbreviations that appear in full capitals even when there are lowercase letters within the abbreviation. Here are some examples to help clarify things: CEO, BA, US, BC, PhD.

As always, it depends on the style guide of the publication. Traditional publications will use U.S.; the British and French omit the periods on contractions (Dr, Mr). The US military omits periods for the official forms of its ranks but there are variations within branches. SSG for an army staff sergeant; SSgt for the air force and marines.

Are you thoroughly confused now?

There are more rules to do with science and technology, biblical abbreviations, units, business, and so forth.

How do you feel about it all? Is it something that you are diligent about? Are you thwarted in your attempts by your software program indicating you have grammatical errors? Do you think it matters?

Commitment to Caring now available as an e-book

Posted on August 9, 2012 by hospitalauxiliary

CHILLIWACK, BC. – The role that dedicated volunteerism of generations of women have played in the delivery of healthcare in the Fraser Valley is an ongoing story that deserves to be known.

Commitment to Caring: Chilliwack Hospital Auxiliary’s 100 Years, 1911-2011 is now available as an as an ebook for the Kobo reader and for Kindle.

Writer and historian Andrea Lister follows the generations of women who have supported the hospital and the community for 100 years through wars, depressions, and social changes. All proceeds from the sale of this book go towards the purchase of equipment for the Chilliwack General Hospital.

Retail price: $5.99
ISBN: 978-0-9868333-1-1 (electronic edition)

Available at www.kobobooks.com and www.amazon.com.

Commitment to Caring was awarded a 2012 Chilliwack Heritage Award by the Chilliwack Museum and Historical Society.

Andrea Lister was born in Chilliwack, British Columbia, Canada. As the great-granddaughter of the founding member of the Chilliwack Hospital Auxiliary, Andrea was asked to write their history for their 100th anniversary. Fortunately, tenacity runs in the family. Commitment to Caring reflects Andrea’s belief that history is the ongoing story of ordinary men and women who shape our world.

Ebooks and Indexes

My question of the day, does an ebook need an index?


Some people argue that an ebook has a search feature so an index is unnecessary. However, a good index is more than a list of words. A good index includes alternative terms for the same thing, groups discussions under a single term, and references related terms.

From a user experience though scrolling through pages of terms seems cumbersome when offered a simple search function. An index created in Adobe InDesign for your print book does not convert into a hyperlinked file.You can insert anchors and create cross references and there are other other methods that create an index separately and then import it and so forth, but all of these methods seem overly cumbersome.


When you create online help you can embed key words that are used with the search function. It is a great way to embed alternate terms to improve the user experience. It seems logical to me that the same functionality could be embedded into ebooks, but alas, so far this functionality does not exist. 

Again from the user perspective, as a researcher I quite often flip to the index and look for items of interest before I buy a print book or take it out of the library. With an ebook I will not have that opportunity to assess the book before I commit to its purchase.

If you have created an ebook did you create an index?

As a reader of ebooks do you want an index for your non-fiction books?